AEMCA Practice Exam

What are the hormones secreted by the anterior pituitary gland?

1. Insulin and glucagon

2. Aldosterone and cortisol

3. FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, GH, Prolactin

4. Vasopressin and oxytocin

The correct answer is: FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, GH, Prolactin

The anterior pituitary gland plays a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes through the secretion of several key hormones. The hormones secreted by this gland include Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH), Growth Hormone (GH), and Prolactin. Each of these hormones has specific functions: - FSH is involved in the regulation of the menstrual cycle and the production of eggs in ovaries and sperm in testes. - LH triggers ovulation and stimulates testosterone production in males. - TSH stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones, which are essential for metabolism. - ACTH stimulates the adrenal glands to produce cortisol, which helps in stress response and metabolism. - GH promotes tissue growth and helps regulate body composition. - Prolactin is primarily responsible for milk production in nursing mothers. This diverse array of hormones is crucial for maintaining homeostasis and overall health, influencing growth, metabolism, and reproductive functions. The other options list hormones that are not secreted by the anterior pituitary. For example, insulin and glucagon are produced by the pancreas, aldosterone and