AEMCA Practice Exam

What does the renal capsule do?

1. Surrounds each kidney

2. Acts as a filter for urine

3. Produces red blood cells

4. Regulates blood pressure

The correct answer is: Surrounds each kidney

The renal capsule is a protective layer surrounding each kidney, providing structural support and shielding the organ from physical damage and infection. This dense connective tissue layer is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the kidney, ensuring that the various functions it performs—such as filtering blood and regulating electrolyte balance—are not compromised by external forces. The capsule also contributes to the kidney's overall functionality by helping to maintain an optimal environment for the nephron units within, which are responsible for urine formation. While other options refer to kidney functions or roles related to other systems in the body, the primary function of the renal capsule specifically pertains to its protective and supportive role for the kidneys themselves.